In principle, the edges of our eyelids are shaped like two flattened U’s turned inward toward each other. What we are referring to is actually the opening through which a part of the eyeball peaks out - or the space between the edges of two eyelids. Next, we will look at the shape of what we artists actually mean by the "eye".
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That is not likely as this 2012 Mac Mini is already mostly on Catalina and can’t install anything later, and I have a new M1 Mac that will never install anything earlier than Big Sur. I mostly wanted to keep Mojave around just in case I find some 32 bit app to use. It is currently working as we both hoped. So, the quick version is I got the codes, applied on Catalina, downloaded on Catalina, and when moving to Mojave partition it advised me if I would like to download the last compatible version. I wouldn’t be surprised if it was related to switching partitions as that always advises me “there was a problem with iCloud” everything I go from Catalina to Mojave. Yes, it was some temporary issue like I thought. On Mojave, are you downloading from the purchased apps list? When you applied the code in the Catalina app store, did you download a copy of the current version to the Catalina partition? If not, I wonder if that might be relevant to later downloading on a different OS install. I’ll let you know if it starts downloading the older version with code applied on Mojave. There is something else wrong as I cannot download some other apps from the App Store as well, though some advise the same error and others have no error. You will be guided through the installation process. When I switch to the Mojave partition it asks me if I want to download a previous version and then is immediately followed by “cannot complete your purchase” after selecting to do so. To install, first open the disk image, then double-click the installer package. So, I got my code and applied it on Catalina. It seems they work via Family Sharing too if he ever gets a Mac newer than said: I mean it’s 199 USD for Logic Pro by itself, or if education you can get a bundle 199 USD for Logic Pro, Mainstage, Final Cut Pro, Compressor, and Motion. I however have nothing to do with education at the moment. He is education staff, so if they do the random audit he’ll be fine. It says it can take 1-3 business days to email the codes it seems. I’m trying to contact my brother to buy the Pro apps bundle and send me the codes. It’s going to be a delay, but I’ll have the answer eventually. Logic Pros Marketplace FREE FX plug-ins, sound resources, and more Initially born out of digging around the inter webs for boutique gear and some freebies while stuck indoors, Logic Pros. If purchasing on Catalina allows you to download the version that runs on Mojave that probably means it will work to download the High Sierra compatible version. I am pretty sure that the same version that runs on Mojave runs on High Sierra. I will be buying it on Catalina and downloading on Mojave though as I already have a Mojave partition for 32 bit apps. I won’t check on High Sierra as that’s going to take like an hour to install on a separate partition. I’m going to buy it anyway as I might as well make my current Mac Mini still useful, and it’s one of reasons I’m getting a new M1 Mac. I’m about to buy Logic Pro and I’m wondering the same about running it on Mojave. TurboTax Live – Cost is additional $50 to $80 per edition plus $50 for state return.TurboTax Self-Employed – Cost is $90 + $40 for each state return.TurboTax Premier – Cost is $70 + $40 for each state return.TurboTax Deluxe – Cost is $40 + $40 for each state return.TurboTax Free (for simple tax returns only)- Cost is $0 + $0 for each state return.How much does TurboTax cost in 2023? TurboTax Plans and Pricing For someone who owns a house and started a business on the side this year, TurboTax will guide you through the questions that help you decide between the Premier and Self-Employed option. For example, if you are a student who needs a basic tax return, you don’t need the Premier version. One of the reasons I like to use TurboTax is that it guides you to select the appropriate product based on your needs. The military / USAA discount should apply before you reach the final checkout page.īack to Top Which TurboTax Product Should I Use? military members and USAA members can save up to $15 on TurboTax and may be eligible to file completely free under the current promotion ( TurboTax military discount no longer provided.) While there isn’t a specific USAA Turbotax discount promo code, you can file directly on TurboTax and the discount will apply if you meet the criteria based on their questionnaire. You can still use the free file option for simple tax returns only or save a good percentage with the latest TurboTax service code and promotion. But that won’t keep you from getting the best deal when filing your taxes. Many people wonder if there’s a specific AARP TurboTax discount, but they do not offer one as of 2023. AARP TurboTax Discount?ĪARP TurboTax Discount – As an AARP member, you can get access to hundreds of discounts on services. I don’t see a BofA TurboTax service code 2022 or 2023 happing this year, but check back to see if that changes. Offers are subject to change and may be discontinued at any given time. The discounts listed above are based on the latest deals from TurboTax, most updated. However, the current discounts are usually much better than the smaller 10-15% discount often seen with these companies. * Fidelity, USAA, and Progressive Insurance are known to provide discounts for their members. However, with the newest $5-15 discount applied from TurboTax, it’s actually a better deal than the old discount from Bank of America. Up to $15 Off – (during TurboTax Discount period)īack to Top TurboTax Bank of America Discount:īank of America has provided discounts for TurboTax in the past, but they no longer provide this discount. TurboTax Service Code 2023 TurboTax Couponįile for FREE for eligible servicemembersįree File for simple tax returns only or up to $15 Off They are not considered coupons, which can range from $5-15 Off TurboTax as seen here. A TurboTax service code is a special code that provides a discount to TurboTax usually provided by a customer service representative. © 2023 Send2Press (a service of Neotrope). Send2Press® is the originating wire service for this story and content is Copr. LEGAL NOTICE AND TERMS OF USE: The content of the above press release was provided by the “news source” HitPaw or authorized agency, who is solely responsible for its accuracy. We help users turn their inspiration into reality so that we can generate more ideas to make the world full of more creativity. HitPaw is an emerging software company specializing in video editing, screen recording, watermark removing, image editing, photo enhancing meme-making, etc. The pricing starts from $29.99 USD for a month plan.įor more price checking and information, you can visit HitPaw Photo AI is now compatible with Windows 11/10/8/7 64-bit and above. The AI processing significantly reduces editing time, while the eraser function seamlessly caters to portraits, aged or stained photos, and general images featuring unwanted elements such as strangers and watermarks. Effortless Object Removal: Refine Your PhotosĪnother standout feature of HitPaw Photo AI is its object remover, which not only enables users to eliminate unwanted elements from their photos, but also facilitates automatic background removal.Unleash your creativity and transform text into captivating works of art, allowing for endless expression and artistic exploration. By providing prompts for a photo and selecting desired styles and artists, Photo AI can bring these visions to life through image creation. HitPaw Photo AI empowers users to realize their artistic aspirations. Boundless Creative Potential: Transform Your Ideas into Art.All tools operate automatically with just one click, simplifying the editing process. HitPaw Photo AI introduces a wide range of tools to enhance photo quality and restore old photos, including AI face modeling, denoise modeling, colorization, color calibration, scratch repair, low-light enhancement, and various editing functions for customization. Diverse Enhancement Tools: Transform Your Photos. Harnessing the power of AI-based technology, the new version caters to all user requirements by offering features to enhance photo quality, generate AI-generated photos to spur creativity, and remove objects and backgrounds from photos. This revolutionary upgrade represents a significant leap, offering users a comprehensive and user-friendly suite of AI solutions in photo editing technology. 7, 2023 (SEND2PRESS NEWSWIRE) - HitPaw, a pioneering AI-powered multi-media provider, announces the highly anticipated release of HitPaw Photo AI V3.0.0, a Game-Changing Upgrade to HitPaw Photo Enhancer. We have what's called a $99 Preview package it's 35 pieces of jewelry and you get one necklace display and marketing materials. You have the ability to start in the black with Paparazzi pink The moment you purchase your Starter Kit, you have immediate access to instant retail profit. There are three different ways to get started. You want to know what it takes to get started. We also have a $25 dollar line, Zi collection and the Zi collection is $25, a lot bolder, more statement pieces. Necklaces, bracelets, earrings rings. Lots and lots of Bling for you. Purple beads flare out from the bottom of the shimmery silver frame, creating a bold stationary pendant at the bottom of an elongated silver chain. What Comes in the 99 Starter Kit for Paparazzi Jewelry RESOURCES. Check out the latest Paparazzi necklaces, earrings, rings, and bracelets. Youll get to view the latest Paparazzi Catalog for 2023. I read all the articles, searched up all kinds of ideas and trainings online and had a million pages bookmarked before I even joi. Check out the latest Paparazzi necklaces, earrings, rings, and bracelets. So you can imagine that when I was starting my Paparazzi business - it was pretty much the same thing. In addition to the Blockbuster Collection, we have jewelry that's released every single day. Gradually increasing in size towards the center, dainty purple beads are encrusted along the center of a silver crescent frame. I over complicate making a bowl of cereal. We have two different price points, there is a $5 price point and a $25 price point. There are no catalogs or customer orders and we have the opportunity of selling products when and where we want. Where you can buy your product upfront, and earn immediate cash by selling jewelry with a 45% profit. Paparazzi Accessories is a direct marketing company founded by two sisters and their husbands out of Hurricane, Utah. The goal? To help people transform their lives and make it possible for them to live beyond their present financial status, through entrepreneurship! A Paparazzi Accessories "Impressionista" Elite Level team. In each of the Paparazzi accessories Starter kits, there are 20 exclusive pieces of jewelry that consultants can't even buy. What Comes in the 99 Starter Kit for Paparazzi Jewelry RESOURCES. Our Paparazzi Accessories Starter kits are hand picked by the Paparazzi Accessories Stylists with some best selling items and some of the hottest items of the season to ensure you the best start possible. Hello everyone my name is Karla Neal Pierce and I am the leader of "The Millionaires Club". Learn how I have turned a 5 Jewelry business into a full time income and I will help you do the same. This puts the paparazzi stylists in your back pocket at every party you throw! You can be a trendsetter all while learning tips and tricks that will boost your sales as a consultant.One and Done! Paparazzi Jewelry Collection Each trend blend includes four pieces that were practically made for eachother! Each of these sets come with an accompanying Style Snapshot and Stylist Tip Sheet that gives you the breakdown on why our team of stylists put them all together. Which textures work together? What colors complement each other? The Fashion Fix takes the guesswork out of accessorizing with its five perfectly coordinated Trend Blends. Mixing and matching accessories to find the perfect combination can be intimidating. This will give you enough jewelry to hold 2-4. The best value is the 499 kit (200 pieces + FREE convention ticket). You’ll receive your Fashion Fix the last week of each month, which will give you the inside scoop on the newest trends that are about to hit the Paparazzi website. Please note: Starter Kits are only available during the initial sign-up process After your initial kit purchase, you have the ability to purchase any item from Paparazzi at the WHOLESALE price There are three kit options. Inside, you’ll find five perfectly coordinated Trend Blend (four pieces each) along with five exclusive Stylist Picks that you can't get anywhere other than the monthly Fashion Fix. Fashion Fix is a monthly jewelry subscription! Only available to consultants, this beautiful black box is filled with 25 new accessories and shipped directly to your door automatically every month. A comprehensive analysis of traumatic rib fractures: morbidity, mortality and management. Sirmali M, Türüt H, Topçu S, Gülhan E, Yazici U, Kaya S, Taştepe I. (2017) Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi. Comparison of ultrasonography and radiography in diagnosis of rib fractures. Pishbin E, Ahmadi K, Foogardi M, Salehi M, Seilanian Toosi F, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Comparison of Ultrasonography and Radiography in Detection of Thoracic Bone Fractures a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Yousefifard M, Baikpour M, Ghelichkhani P, Asady H, Darafarin A, Amini Esfahani MR, Hosseini M, Yaseri M, Safari S. Radiation-induced rib fractures after hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy of non-small cell lung cancer: a dose- and volume-response analysis. Radiation-induced rib fractures after hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy: risk factors and dose-volume relationship. Orthopedic bone scanning." Journal of nuclear medicine: official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 34.12 (1993): 2241-2246. Is ultrasound really helpful in the detection of rib fractures?. A rare complication of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. doi:10.1007/s1324-9 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation Multidetector CT of blunt thoracic trauma. Radiographic evaluation of rib fractures. When and how to image a suspected broken rib. Tc-99m bone scan is sensitive but not specific for rib fractures and demonstrates focal areas of high-uptake, which need to be correlated with SPECT or radiographic imaging 1,7.displacement on CT may be defined as greater than half a rib shaft width 19.more sensitive than plain radiography for the detection of rib fractures 1,3.associated periosteal elevation appears as a delicate, raised hyperechoic linear stripe.represents a fracture hematoma, fluid nature may be ascertained through careful adjustment of gain settings and dynamic variation of the observed shape with pressure.suggestive findings include a circumscribed, hypoechoic fluid collection adjacent to the putative fracture site.appropriate analgesia may be necessary before attempting this maneuver.if initially occult, obvious interruption of the bony cortex may be elicited with sonopalpation (applying local transducer pressure).often associated with comet tail artifacts extending from the fracture site into the far-field.separation by less than 1 mm defines mild displacement.if accompanied by cortical displacement, may be further characterized by the axial distance between the cortical margins 14.the cardinal sonographic feature is a discontinuity of the otherwise smooth, linear echogenicity corresponding to the anterior bony cortex.Moreover, the use of sonography allows the detection of radiographically occult costal cartilage fractures, as well as assessment of the underlying lung for associated traumatic pathology, including Ultrasonography is more sensitive and specific than conventional radiography for rib fracture detection in blunt trauma when performed by a trained clinician 12,14. may miss up to 50% of rib fractures even with dedicated oblique rib projections 1Ī common application of point of care ultrasonography, used in a complementary manner to conventional radiography in the workup of blunt chest wall trauma and localized chest pain.fetal rib fractures: caused by skeletal dysplasias.cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): rib fracture occurs in 1 in 3 5.rowing, swimming) can result in middle and lower rib stress fractures weight lifting, basketball) can result in 1st rib stress fractures occur more commonly in high-level athletes.most common injury in blunt thoracic trauma, occurring in 50% of cases 3.When the rib is fractured twice, the term floating rib is used to describe the free fracture fragment, and when three or more contiguous floating ribs are present this is called a flail chest.īuckle rib fractures can also occur, one of the rare instances of buckle fractures in a mature skeleton. Fractures of the 1st-3rd ribs are associated with high-energy trauma 3. The 4th-10th ribs are the most commonly fractured 1. liver, kidney and spleen traumatic injuries (10th-12th rib fractures). brachial plexus or subclavian vessel injuries (1st-3rd rib fractures.Rib fractures are often associated with other injuries and the greater the number of rib fractures the more likely are associated injuries 1,3: We’re confident that the following lists of Chrome extensions for screen capture we’ve found on the Internet will fulfill your needs. 4 Best Chrome Extensions for Screen CaptureĪfter some searching, we have gathered the best Chrome screen recorders for Windows and Mac. If you want to share the recording on YouTube, Vimeo, Twitter, or other social media platforms, you can do so right in the recording library. Then, click on the Save button to export it to your computer. When the recording is over, you can preview the recording and clip the unwanted part of it. The process starts automatically after the three-second countdown. Start Recording by hitting the REC button. If you want to include your voice the audio from your computer, you need to activate Microphone and System Sound. You can choose Full to capture the full screen, or choose Custom to specify the recording region. Then, select the recording are that you want to capture. If you have no preferences, you can skip this step. Here you will find effects for mouse, hotkeys, settings for location, video format, video codec, video quality, and frame rate, and more. Or you can open the Screen Capture feature to take a screenshot on Chrome.Īfter entering into the Video Recorder window, you can click the Record setting option to customize the recording parameters. If you’d like to record the audio from Chrome, you can choose the Audio Recorder to proceed. In the main interface, choose the Video Recorder feature to capture the screen activity in Chrome. After installation, run it on your computer. Now let’s take a look at the program in use.įree download and install Vidmore Screen Recorder for Windows or Mac. with high quality.If your Chrome browser fail to play videos, click here to see a detailed guide. You can save such Chrome browser activities in various formats like MP4, MOV, etc. It is worth mentioning that it has many useful additional functions such as a schedule recording tool, annotation, trimming, and more to make your recording pro-looking. On top of that, you can use this screen recording tool to save gameplay videos, and make instructive video tutorials. And you can use it to capture any computer screen activity in Chrome including online streaming video and audio from Vimeo, Facebook, BBC, etc. It is competent for recording a window tab or a small region of Firefox browser. Vidmore Screen Recorder is a reliable screen recorder for contents capture happening on Google Chrome. The most convenient and efficient way to record screen activities on Chrome is to use a Chrome screen recorder. The Most Awesome Screen Recorder for Chrome – Vidmore Screen Recorder 4 Best Chrome Extensions for Screen Capture Let's take a look at the best Chrome screen recorder and several alternative Chrome extensions to record Chrome on your computer. Whatever you want to record in Google Chrome, you need a screen recorder for Chrome or Chrome recording extensions to help you record the computer screen activity. With the increase of Chrome users, there has been a significant rise in the requirement for the Chrome screen recorder, with which users can capture live streaming video or music, as well as other page contents or web manipulation. Chrome is one of the most commonly used Internet browsers that provides a safe web surfing environment. The idea behind a 30 day gratitude journal challenge is that it is a short enough time to keep you motivated to practice daily gratitude, but a long enough time that completing it will have a noticeable effect and you’ll feel like you’ve accomplished something.Īnd the idea is that you can repeat it too! It is the consistency and daily habit that allows amazing changes to occur – like actual rewiring of your brain – and will lead to more positive thinking patterns for you. Well, the specific number isn’t really the most important thing here, but the idea of a 30 day gratitude journal challenge is that it encourages you to practice gratitude consistently using daily gratitude journal prompts. So now you know the benefits of using gratitude journal prompts to enhance your gratitude practice, but why 30 days of gratitude? But for all of us, if we’re completely honest with ourselves, there are days when we just can’t seem to find the positive very easily.Īsking yourself to feel gratitude during a tough time can be really challenging, but gratitude journal prompts can be the missing piece that allow you to find things you’re grateful for much more easily. This is particularly true if you experience certain mental illnesses or mood disorders that predispose you towards negative thinking. Not only this, but gratitude prompts honestly just help you when you feel a bit stumped.Įspecially in the early days of your gratitude practice, finding things to be grateful for might not come easily to you, and gratitude journaling prompts can really just act as the little nudge you need to find those things. I therefore think that gratitude journal prompts are an amazing way to find little bits of joy in your life which can enrich your gratitude practice significantly. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing, but it often means that all of the other little things you’re also grateful for get ignored!īut if I ask you something very specific like “ what book are you most grateful for ?” suddenly you’re searching your brain and accessing grateful memories that you’ve possibly kept locked away. The main reason why I think gratitude prompts should be a part of any gratitude journaling practice is that they can help you to access areas of your mind that you might not automatically go to.įor example, if I ask you “ what are you grateful for?” you’re probably likely to automatically go to the same sort of areas or things in your life. Why you should use gratitude journal promptsīefore we get into some of my favourite gratitude journaling prompts, why actually should you use gratitude journal prompts? In other words, using one of these prompts each day is a sure fire way to rewire your brain to be happy and more grateful! That way you can start to build the habit of gratitude over a period of time, and before you know it practicing gratitude will come much more naturally to you. I’ve written the gratitude journal prompts in this post in a way that will allow you to practice 30 days of gratitude i.e. Thankfully, with these gratitude journal prompts, you can make gratitude journalling that little bit easier! You’ve got a clear plan on how to start a gratitude journal, but now you have no clue what to write… sound familiar?īut why does this happen? Well, because practicing gratitude for the first time is hard and thinking positively doesn’t come easy to all of us. On 20 February 2013, Free confirmed that the series had been picked up by Rooster Teeth and that further episodes of the series would be released on Rooster Teeth's website, as well as the series' existing YouTube channel. In September 2012, their episode involving crushing watermelons was featured on The Tonight Show. In April 2011, the channel was voted the winner of YouTube's On The Rise program, which highlights up-and-coming YouTube partners on the homepage. he said, "oh you must be the slow mo guys," and I thought that sounds pretty good." Success And he hopped over the wall as we were setting up the Phantom. " Hammond was the first person to ever refer to me as a "slow mo guy" because he knew there was a high-speed camera on the shoot that we were doing, which was him going around in a Formula 1 car. According to Free, the name partially comes from a comment Richard Hammond made on the set of Top Gear: The Slow Mo Guys, featuring slow motion footage of various pranks and stunts of the pair, has garnered millions of views since it launched in 2010. įree and Gruchy met while working in a Waitrose in their home county of Oxfordshire. Being a video/film producer, he decided to utilise his access to slow motion cameras to create The Slow Mo Guys along with his friend Daniel Gruchy, and reach viral success. Afterwards, he had decided to make a move to Austin, Texas and work full-time for Rooster Teeth, for which he needed to get a work visa however, as he didn't go to university, his only option was an application for an O visa, a visa that requires an "extraordinary achievement" in arts or science. In 2008, he was hired to direct the seventh season of the Rooster Teeth machinima series Red vs. He began working on adverts, music videos, and films such as Hot Fuzz. In 2006, Gavin Free joined Green Door Films, the first production house in Europe to utilise Phantom digital high-speed cameras as a source of slow motion, working as a data technician and camera operator. History Inception Gavin Free and Dan Gruchy hosting a panel at RTX 2013 In the case of The Super Slow Show and Planet Slow Mo, as the budget of the show increased and more cast was involved, the experiments got larger and more elaborate the availability of a designated camera crew allowed Free to participate in the stunts as well. The episodes are generally filmed in Free's backyard in Austin, Texas, usually with only the two of them involved. Following the popularity of their most viewed video, Giant 6ft Water Balloon, Free and Gruchy have regularly produced further videos involving Gruchy in or around several-foot water balloons under the event of "Giant Balloon June". Some episodes feature Gruchy explaining how some explosives work, such as grenades and detonation cord, allowing him to draw on his background in the military. Over the years, Gruchy suffered numerous injuries, such as a lacerated ear, a glass shard lodged in his finger, an oil burn and a fractured wrist he jokingly noted that he has suffered more injuries during the filming of the show than during his tour in the Afghanistan war zone. The episodes generally feature Free as the cinematographer and camera operator, and Gruchy, a former ammunition technician corporal in the British Army who served in Afghanistan, as the rigger and often also as the stuntman. The most prominent of the few stains on Free's lab coat is a blue paint smear on the right shoulder " autographed" by a Blue Man. Gruchy's lab coat is the more stained of the two, with Free's coat in fairer condition. Because the original lab coats Free ordered were too small for Gruchy, Gruchy's lab coat tore and has traditionally had a torn off right sleeve. To emphasise the science angle, the pair wear lab coats. The Slow Mo Guys is heavily influenced by Mythbusters in a typical episode, Free and Gruchy attempt to film some sort of natural or physical phenomenon in extreme slow motion: subjects of the filming are often some type of spectacular chemical or physical reaction, stress tests of certain objects under extreme conditions, while some episodes simply aim for an aesthetically pleasing result, often by the use of rainbow-coloured paints. The series consists of a wide variety of things filmed in extreme slow motion using a range of Vision Research Phantom high-speed cameras, capable of shooting over 1,500,000 frames per second. It has been described as the biggest channel for slow motion videos on YouTube. The Slow Mo Guys is a science and technology entertainment web series from Thame, England, created by Gavin Free, starring himself and Daniel Gruchy. Replacing the rear cargo ramp entirely, the AGIL created a 50° cone of light, shining vertically down, but able to rotate 50° to the side, illuminating 3.5 sq mi (9.1 km 2) at 0.04 Candela from 12,000 ft (3,700 m), or 0.5 sq mi (1.3 km 2) at 0.4 Candela from 4,000 ft (1,200 m). Initially designated Airborne General Illumination Light (AGIL), the system weighed 7,500 lb (3,400 kg) and had a lamp assembly with 28 Xenon lamps, heat exchanger and cooling system to prevent the lamps from overheating. A single BIAS system was developed by LTV electro-Systems and installed on a Fairchild C-123B for the Special Air Warfare Center at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida by April 1966. Shed Light explored the deficiencies in attacking targets at night, particularly with visible light illumination. The United States Air Force (USAF) opened Operation Shed Light as a development effort on 7 February 1966. The system was intended to be installed on modified cargo aircraft, with the lamp assembly positioned on the rear cargo ramp, the other elements were to be installed in the main cargo area and mounted on the aircraft fuselage. The Battlefield Illumination Airborne System (BIAS) was an illumination system consisting of a lamp assembly (consisting of a number of Xenon lamps), a power source, a heat exchanger pod and a control console. They have been used to create "artificial moonlight" on battlefields.īattlefield Illumination Airborne System (BIAS) These are usually large portable devices that combine an extremely luminous source (usually a carbon arc lamp) with a mirrored parabolic reflector to project a powerful beam of light of approximately parallel rays in a particular direction. An RAF Avro Lancaster silhouetted against flares, smoke and explosions during the night attack on Hamburg on 30/31 January 1943 A sectional of the typical LUU-2B ground illumination flare Types Flares Target indicator flares were widely used by the Royal Air Force during the Second World War these were dropped by a wave of Pathfinder Force aircraft ahead of the main force of bombers to indicate the aiming point. During the latter stages of the war, the British Army created Moonlight Batteries, Royal Artillery that specialised in providing 'artificial moonlight', otherwise known as 'movement light' or ' Monty's moonlight' for ground operations. The War Office ordered 300 such lamps in 1940. It was a tank fitted with a powerful carbon-arc searchlight to support night-time attacks. The Canal Defence Light was a British "secret weapon" of the Second World War. Later that same year, the French and British forces landed troops under artificial light created by searchlights. In 1882 the British Royal Navy used searchlights to prevent Egyptian forces from staffing artillery batteries at Alexandria during the Anglo-Egyptian War. In 1583, during the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–90), the Ottoman Empire used lanterns to defeat a Safavid army in a night time encounter, that became known as the Battle of Torches. History A M3 Grant tank modified with a carbon arc searchlight and dummy turret gun, codenamed Canal Defence Light Thermal imaging devices (using infrared) can however to some extent penetrate these obstacles. Enemy action in the form of smoke and shellfire, and the dust and smoke created by battle generally, further limit the effectiveness of illumination. Backlight would also obscure movement and numbers making it more difficult for an enemy to react quickly to any tactical assault.Īdverse weather such as fog, rain and snow reduce both visibility and the usefulness of illumination. Ancient armies would always prefer to fight with the Sun behind them in order to use the visual glare to partially blind an opposing enemy. Theory Flares in an exerciseĪncient military strategists knew that natural light created shadows that can hide form while bright areas would expose a military force's size and number. As light can be detected electronically, modern warfare has accordingly seen increased use of night vision through the use of infrared cameras and image intensifiers. If natural light is not present searchlights, whether using visible light or infrared, and flares can be used. Modern armies use a variety of equipment and discharge devices to create artificial light. Prior to the advent of the electrical age, fire was used to improve visibility on the battlefield. The risks and dangers to armies fighting in poor light have been known since Ancient Chinese times. Technology for illuminating a battlefield Infrared searchlight of an M60 Patton tankīattlefield illumination is technology that improves visibility for military forces operating in difficult low-light conditions. |
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